음성음운형태론연구 29집 3호 Lee, Joo Kyeong

2024.01.31 09:17

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The current work attempts to investigate Korean learners’ production of English /l/

with a closer look at articulatory and acoustic substances. Ultrasound imaging of the

tongue was used to examine the coordination of the target gestures to compare

articulatory differences between clear-[l] in onsets and dark-[ɫ] in codas, and between

native speakers and Korean learners. Acoustically, F2-F1 values at the midpoint of /l/

and normalized duration of /l/ were analyzed together. In the experiment, 8 Korean

learners and 3 native speakers participated in ultrasound and audio recordings. The

results show that smoothing splines of the tongue mostly overlapped between onsets

and codas in the case of Korean learners. This suggests that Korean learners’

production of onset /l/ was not distinctive from that of coda /l/. The acoustic measures

of F2-F1 were consistent with the articulatory configurations; F2-F1 values were not

significantly different between onsets and codas, while native speakers’ F2-F1 values

of onset /l/ were significantly greater than those of coda /l/. Moreover, Korean learners

produced a significantly shorter /l/ in both onset and coda position than native speakers.

Overall, Korean learners were not able to articulate the darkening gestures for codas,

but they implemented clear-[l] as it occurs in coda position in Korean. The onset

produced by Korean learners was significantly shorter than that of native speakers.

Tongue tip raising was appropriately executed, but it seemed to be short of temporal

sustainability. This suggests that Korean learners produced the tap [ɾ] rather than [l] in

onset position.

Keywords

clear-[l], dark-[ɫ], ultrasound, acoustic, F2-F1, duration, Korean learners

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